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Water Tank Safety

Water tanks look simple, but elevated, buried and large tanks each bring their own risks. This guide describes the hazards in general terms and who can help with specifics.

What kinds of water tanks are on farms, and what are the hazards?

Farm tanks range from small plastic stock tanks to large elevated tanks, concrete tanks and buried storage. Each type brings different hazards, including falls from height, drowning, slippery surfaces, unsafe air in enclosed tanks and contact with electrical equipment.

Because tanks are part of daily chores, people can become casual around them. A moment of rushing, a wet ladder or a loose hatch is all it takes. Treat every tank as a place that deserves a plan and a pause before work.

Write down what tanks you have, where they are and what hazards each one has. A simple list makes it easier to brief new workers and to ask a professional the right questions.

• Falls from ladders and platforms.
• Drowning in open or large tanks.
• Hazards inside enclosed tanks.

How do you stay safe working at height on a tank?

Climbing a tank is work at height. Ladders, platforms and rails need to be sound, dry and suitable for the task. Specific requirements for fall protection and ladders come from OSHA and from the manufacturer; check them rather than relying on habit.

Do not climb in bad weather, when ice or frost is present, or when you are tired or alone. Tell someone where you are going. If a tank has no safe access, ask a professional how to add it.

If a task needs the ladder to be used often, consider asking a professional about permanent, compliant access, because a worn or improvised ladder is a common weak point.

• Inspect ladders and rails before use.
• Avoid climbing in wet or icy conditions.
• Tell another person before you climb.

Why should enclosed tanks be treated as confined spaces?

A tank you must enter through a hatch can be a confined space. Air inside may not support life, and a person can be overcome without warning. Other people who rush in to help can be harmed as well.

OSHA provides information on confined spaces and when special procedures apply. Do not enter tanks for cleaning or repair unless you have been trained and have the proper equipment and plan. Hire qualified professionals when in doubt.

• Never enter a closed tank casually.
• Do not rely on smell or sight to judge air.
• Use trained professionals for entry work.

How do you keep children away from tanks?

Children can climb ladders, lean over rims and fall in. Keep ladders secured or removed from reach, lids closed and locked, and tank areas fenced where needed. Explain the rule that tanks are not for climbing or play.

Small open tanks can also be a drowning hazard for young children. Keep a close eye on toddlers near any water container. Ask your extension office about suitable barriers for your setup.

Teenagers who help with chores should be trained in the same way as adults, with a clear explanation of which tasks they may do. For work rules involving young workers, confirm requirements with the U.S. Department of Labor.

• Secure ladders and lids.
• Supervise young children around any water container.
• Repeat the rule for visitors.

What about electrical hazards around tanks?

Tanks often have heaters, pumps, floats or lights nearby. Water and electricity are a dangerous mix. Faulty wiring in or near a tank can energize water or metal parts.

Have a licensed electrician inspect and repair equipment. Ask them about ground-fault protection suited to your setup rather than guessing. If an animal or person shows signs of electrical shock around a tank, keep clear and call your utility and 911.

• Use licensed electricians for repairs.
• Do not touch a tank if you suspect it is energized.
• Report tingling or shocks promptly.

How should you maintain tanks safely?

Regular maintenance includes checking for leaks, rust, cracks, damaged lids and clogged vents. Keep the area around the tank clear of tripping hazards, mud and ice.

Follow the manufacturer's instructions for cleaning and sanitizing, and do not mix cleaning chemicals. Wear the protective gear recommended on product labels and safety data sheets.

Keep a maintenance record so repairs do not get forgotten, and share it with anyone who takes over the chores.

• Inspect on a regular schedule.
• Keep paths and work areas clear.
• Read labels and safety data sheets.

What should you do in an emergency?

If someone falls from a tank or into one, call 911 immediately. Do not climb into a tank to rescue anyone, because unsafe air and slippery surfaces can put you in danger too. This article does not teach rescue methods; trained responders are the right people.

Seek hands-on confined space awareness and first aid training through recognized providers. Local fire departments and the American Red Cross can point you to courses.

Last reviewed: November 12, 2026. Written by the Farm Safety Editorial Team. See our editorial policy.